c.)the bystander effect. d.)electrocardiogram (EKG). d.)agoraphobia. b. a. d.)less likely to be the same sex and less likely to be similar in extraversion. The child's chances ________ if the adopted parents have schizophrenia. )cognitive dissonance theory b. d.)a larger number of synapses. a. c.)children are more likely to be safely cared for by biological fathers than by their stepfathers. )binge eating an purging by self-induced vomitting, Patricia has been diagnosed with bulimia nervosa. )generalized anxiety disorder )maternal instinct Significant dieting with significant weight loss of more than 15 percent of one's normal body weight is common in individuals with: )the motivation to fulfill one's potential. )posttraumatic stress disorder. behavior and mental processes. a.)paraphilias. )aversive conditioning. a.)asexual. a. Which of the following has been demonstrated to provide relief for those who suffer from a seasonal pattern of depression symptoms? identical or fraternal. d. heritability. Compared with northern Europeans, people from Mediterranean cultures are ________ likely to be emotionally expressive and ________ likely to be punctual, In comparison to 40 years age, today American women are more likely to marry for the sake of, Genes are to the perpetuation of individuals as ________ are to the perpetuation of cultures. c.)our efforts to achieve a goal have been blocked. )nicotine can temporarily increase serotonin, a neurotransmitter overabundant in people with depression. The brains of people who suffer from depression tend to have low levels of: d.)dysfunctional, d.)All these things classify Naima's behavior as a psychological disorder. d.)is the part of the unconscious mind that reflects human evolutionary history and is common to all people. )sexual dysfunctions. a. c.)role playing. )genetic diversity. Mar. twenties. It is difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of psychotherapy because: The Federal Accounting Standards Advisory Board has a link to all agency Performance and Accountability Reports or Agency Financial Reports. c.)meta-analysis. c.)mild depression. a. degeneration of neural connections in visual reception areas of the brain. As you are driving to campus one day another car cuts you off and speeds ahead. hippocampus )Freud; Billie Joe Armstrong d. reproductive success. d.)linkage analysis. Evolutionary theorists assert that gender differences in spatial abilities reflect the division of labour in ancestral hunting and gathering societies in which males typically handled the hunting and females the gathering. d d.)negative symptoms. Edgar responds to his daughter's fistfight with, "Good girls don't fight!" c. )Larry effectively cope with dissociative identity disorder. a. )medical model. b.)psychoanalysis. Due to a random error in genetic replication, a lion is born with a heightened sense of smell. b. overemphasizing humans' capacity to learn and adapt to a variety of environments. c.)GABA. d.)social facilitation. a. AACB10.090.03B20.220.10B30.150.09B40.200.12. answer choices. )helping clients identify a hierarchy of anxiety-arousing experiences. conscious and unconscious mental activity. b. )4 weeks )People in the psychotherapy group improve at about the same rate as the people in the untreated group. A. a. d.)genome. Helene and Victoire are more likely than Taro and Kiichi to be similar in, Studies of identical twins who had been reared apart most clearly highlight the importance of ________ in personality development. hormones. )a dissociation. c.)delusional thinking. The psycho dynamic approach got it's start from the work of Sigmund Freud. b. Which of the following fictional research findings is the best evidence against the idea that "our lives are determined by our experiences"? d.)schemas. C 5. B. evolutionary psychology. According to Carl Jung, the collective unconscious: )attitudes toward and interaction with school authorities. Cognitive perspective studies our mental processes. b. Sets of expected behaviors for males and for females are called: Six-year-old Jennifer believes that men become doctors and women become nurses. brain lesion. Males' superiority on most spatial tasks has been attributed to the adaptive demands of hunting. Oxygen deprivation at the time of birth is a known risk factor for: chromosomes. b. b. a. A reduced level of synchronized neural activity in the frontal lobes has been associated with symptoms of: d.)Freud; Elvis, b. Question 2. )less curiosity about their environment. In contrast to Freud, which of the following did psychoanalyst Karen Horney emphasize as important during personality development? )borderline personality disorder. c.)obsessive-compulsive disorder. Compared with women, men are more likely to: c. perceive simple friendliness as a sexual come-on. c.)quadrupled rate of reported juvenile violent crime. Evolutionary psychologists would most likely attribute Jack's motivation to, Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to be criticized for, Evolutionary psychology would probably have the most difficulty accounting for, c. differences in the sexual behavior patterns of Americans and Russians, Twin studies are of most direct concern to. d.)5 percent. The ___________ model assumes that mental disorders have physical causes that can be diagnosed and treated. a. After rats were housed for 60 days in enriched environments, Kolb and Whishaw (1998) report that the number of synapses grew by about: \end{array} )cognitive dissonance. Lars is an excellent violinist. )Karen Horney; John Lennon b. Evolutionary psychology Charles Darwin was the first scientist to point out that our common responses to certain emotionally charged situations, like our hair standing on end when we are frightened, are responses that probably evolved hundreds of millions of years ago in our early animal ancestors. c.)schizophrenia. This is the view of psychology and human behavior that emphasizes the role of the unconscious mind, different life experiences when young and old and relationships to explain the way . A researcher who assesses the heritability of intelligence is most likely a(n): Compared to identical twins, fraternal twins are ________ likely to be the same sex and ________ likely to be similar in extraversion. )Prozac a. Infographic: Evolutionary medicine can transform biomedicine and public health. \text{American Instruments bonds}& \$ 850,000\\ b. )sexual conflicts during the adolescent years Depending on environmental conditions, specific genes can be either c.)Amy effectively cope with a seasonal pattern for major depressive disorder. b. c.)our desire for love and security Annest is most likely to feel uncomfortable because Wang has violated her. a. a.)complexes. a. )aggressive instinct a. For example, twin and adoption studies indicate that biological relatives of those with antisocial personality disorder: Uploaded By Jah70ssan. The only reason she survived is because her husband came home from work early. d.)do all of these things. c.)behavioral conditioning therapy. a. This approach to treatment best illustrates: Caring for one's appearance does not depend on gender, and older people worry as much about . b. c.)harmony. c.)being 15 to 20 percent below her ideal body weight )double helix. In terms of Freud's theory of personality, Mary's memories are stored at the _____ level of awareness. c.)Employed men spend about an hour and a half more per day working than do employed women. a. While Thomas disagrees with his boss, he laughs at the joke anyway to gain her approval. Incorrect natural selection. Persuading depressed patients to reverse their catastrophizing beliefs about themselves and their futures is most characteristic of: This technique is known as the: )latency d.)genetic predispositions have little effect on our social relationships. b. )self-blaming and overgeneralized explanations. )The Rorschach Historically there have been a variety of models used to explain psychological disorders. Key Words: Notes: 4. c.)The behavior causes Naima distress. )the place theory Which theory best explains why Abe adopted this new attitude? d.)confirmation bias. After three days of taking a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) Dennis is disappointed because he is not feeling any better. c.)the foot-in-the-door phenomenon b. )frustration-aggression theory genomes. )unconscious fear. b.)deindividuation. a. b. most left-handers process language primarily in their right hemisphere. The Evolutionary Perspective Evolutionary psychology focuses on the study of how the theory of evolution can explain physiological processes. Mark is likely to be diagnosed with a type of ______ disorder. forties. c.)generalized anxiety disorder. What portion of the agencys assets are composed of cash (i.e., Fund Balance with Treasury)? c.)agoraphobia. Alex's behavior suggests that he is in the _____ stage of psychosexual development. a.)hallucinations. d.)major depressive disorder. nature and nurture. b. D) overestimating cultural differences in human sexual behaviors. C) develop their own theories. DSM-5 provides mental health professionals with: b.)genome. Evolutionary psychologists would most likely explain this in terms of sex differences in: Professor Archibald suggests that men are more likely than women to initiate casual sex because this has proven to be a more successful reproductive strategy for men than for women. d.)conditioning. c.)Asperger syndrome )professional training and experience of the therapist. b.)self-actualization. b. This disorder is called: The third approach arises out of the job stress literature. The baby's temperament is most likely that of a(n): ____ is the proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes. d.)attribution theory, b. a. a. In psychoanalysis, transference refers to the: )bulimia nervosa. c.)latent a. c.)empirically derived However, monogamous relationships can also be explained using an evolutionary perspective. c.)not including homosexuality as a mental disorder. Received semiannual interest payment on the Distribution Transformers bonds. According to evolutionary psychology all humans share a universal _____ that has survived from a distant past in which we lived in small groups and punished those who directly harmed others. d. 1997], evolutionary psychologists [Buss, 1995; Tooby and Cosmides, 1992] have emphasized that humans (and other animals) evolved specific cognitive abilities to deal with recurring problems faced by our ancestors (e.g., obtaining food, acquiring a mate). The heritability of a specific trait will be lowest among genetically ________ individuals who have been raised in ________ environments. )biological psychologist. This best illustrates the impact of gender typing c.)in reaction to abnormalities in brain chemistry. a. )systematic desensitization. )length of time the client spends in psychotherapy. He wants to deepen her self-understanding. Which of the following is a key characteristic of her eating disorder? d.)underestimating the potential influence of biological factors on personality development. )dysfunctional disorder )have hindered human reproduction. a. George's experience is most directly explained by: By insisting that humans are "nothing but" products of nature and nurture, we run the greatest risk of undermining: Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson. The role of Edgar's reactions in the gender-typing of his children would be of most direct concern to: According to gender schema theory, children become gender-typed because they, b. perceive much of reality in terms of masculinity and femininity. d) genetic predispositions. 1. c.)being unable to remember one's own name or other important details about one's own life d.)striving for superiority. b. An organism's complete set of genetic instructions is called a: The thread-like structures that contain genes are called: ______________ develop from a single fertilized egg, whereas ______________ develop from separate fertilized eggs. Social structural theory maintains that sex differences result from changes in society and social roles occupied by men and women. d.)ADHD, b. Identical twins separated at birth would be most likely to have similar Researchers have found that matching Asian-American clients with counselors who share their cultural values facilitates: b. The study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior is known as A) molecular genetics. This behavior is best understood in terms of: b. \hline Which of the following is NOT a reason for Gwen to be in this situation? d.)those not undergoing therapy often improve, but those undergoing therapy are more likely to improve, and to improve more quickly and with less risk of relapse. b.)agoraphobia. )people often enter therapy in crisis, and these crises often pass without professional help. b. Marilyn thinks a strict class-attendance policy is an indication of her professor's overly controlling personality rather than a necessity dictated by the limited number of class sessions (the course meets only once a week). Nellie is a 30-year-old who has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. )evolutionary psychologists. b. )Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), _____ test is a projective personality test in which people tell what they see in a series of symmetrical inkblots. )neurogenesis, transference, and posttraumatic growth. neurons. b. Pain is a ubiquitous phenomenon. )DSM-5 diagnosis. )antisocial personality disorder. Her judgment best illustrates: )poverty, unemployment, racism, sexism, and heterosexism. a. )obsessions a. Cognitive dissonance theory emphasizes that we seek to reduce the discomfort we feel when we become aware that: Which Viewpoint would John Watson Most Likely Agree with? d.)ECT. Compared with many Asian and African parents, today's North American parents are more likely to teach their children to value: Compared to North American children, Chinese children are likely to exhibit ________ respect for authority and ________ shyness toward strangers. teens. )rapidly in response to a stressful life situation. d.)clients never speak kindly about their therapists. He does not judge her and is quite open to her exploration of her weaknesses. )the mere exposure effect. a. a. )the pleasure principle; the reality principle d.)only include males in his study. a.)schizophrenia. b. )positive symptoms. Evolutionary psychologists attribute the human tendency to fear snakes and heights to: a) gender schemas. b. He gives her appropriate validation and encourages her to reflect on her feelings. b.)resistance. b. 30 seconds. Choose one of the CFO Act agencies to evaluate. b. a. If you have an intense fear of speaking in public, eating out, or going to parties, you may be suffering from: )a smaller number of synapses. c.)genuineness. Alex Murdaugh, sentenced to life in prison after conviction in double murder trial, during his sentencing at the Colleton County Courthouse in Walterboro, S.C . a. The threadlike structures that contain genes are called. d.)less; less. d. a. Lenore most likely suffers from a(n): a. Parents should not take too much blame for the failures and shortcomings of their children because: d. parental behavior is only one of many factors that influence children's behavior, Those who inappropriately attribute children's troubling personality traits to inadequate parental nurture should be reminded of the importance of, Identical twins who have separate placentas are somewhat less similar than identical twins who share a placenta. d.)fundamental attribution error. The prenatal development of the external male sex organs is stimulated by: Prenatal testosterone secretions exert one of their earliest influences on: A genetically female child who receives excess testosterone during prenatal growth is subsequently likely to develop, d. more aggressive behavior patterns than most girls. c.)organic c.)transgender. religious beliefs. )we have overestimated the impact of personal dispositions on behavior. b. c.)EMDR )the bystander effect. a. c. b. )Psychosurgery )obsessive-compulsive disorder. Client-centered therapists emphasize the importance of: a. a. c.)Psychotherapy Marla's sense of social isolation and embarrassment result from the interaction of, Molecular geneticists would be most interested in studying. ", Personality inventories are to _______________ as projective tests are to _______________. Purchased$1,400,000 of M&D Corporation 6% bonds at face value. b. a. the ability to solve problems, reason, and remember. Children's English accents are more likely to be influenced by their ________ than by their ________. In this paper, we analyze the findings of biology and evolutionary medicine to better understand the phenomenon of pain . b. )a situational attribution. Memory can be defined as the internal storage or faculty that stores the information and facilitates in retrieval whenever required. )preconscious c.)20 percent. However, it generally may take up to ________ for this type of antidepressant to reach full effect. c.)Wolpe's exposure therapy. )rapidly in response to a stressful life situation. )there is a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia. e. To determine if the drug is effective, he should: b. Dr. Miller is most likely a(n): c.)a dispositional attribution. )the bystander effect. c.)phallic Abraham Maslow suggested that individuals who are open, spontaneous, and not paralyzed by the opinions of others display: Copyright Cengage Learning. )enabling clients to feel unconditionally accepted. Because Marla is the first girl in her fourth-grade class to sexually mature, she is sometimes teased and rejected by her classmates. a. The evolutionary perspective suggests that this tendency to dwell on the negative more than the positive is simply one way the brain tries to keep us safe. a. C. behavior genetics. hemispherectomy. d.)electrical activity. Mar 4, 2023 12:01 AM. e. b. d. b. The beneficial consequence of a person's expecting that a treatment will be therapeutic is known as: b.)paraphilic. Men rape women much more frequently than women rape men. underestimating gender differences in mate selection. a. b. b. A person's temperament is best illustrated by his or her characteristic level of, Lynnae is usually timid and fearful, whereas her sister Eileen is typically relaxed and fearless. )10 percent. c.)depression. a. For instance, evolutionary psychologists hypothesize that men may be more prone to casual sex because it benefits their ability to pass on genes. D. gender typing. )bipolar disorder. e. Given that B2B_2B2 has occurred, what is the probability that AAA occurs? Evolutionary psychologists emphasize that environmentally adaptive behaviors are those that have promoted reproductive success. )the double-blind technique. c.)patient's inability to distinguish between real events and dream images. b. )increasing a. Evolutionary psychologists presume all human behaviours reflect the influence of physical and psychological predispositions that helped human ancestors survive and reproduce. b. )have only treatment groups, no control groups. Diane suffers from a(n): He hears voices, has disturbed emotions, and his behavior is very bizarre and erratic. )the need to achieve. d.)learned helplessness. a.)serotonin. )psychodynamic therapy. A. larger bodies b. )the phallic Evolutionary psychologists would be most likely to attribute gender differences and attitudes towards sex to the fact that men have _____ than do women. c.)selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). Although her work performance is adequate, Gina almost always feels slightly down and sad. The movement grew in opposition to the two mainstream 20th-century trends in psychology, behaviourism and psychoanalysis. c.)progressive relaxation. c.)hope, a new perspective, and a caring relationship. c.)increase; do not increase First is evolutionary theory, which claims that behavioral tendencies, physical characteristics, and personality features that promote our chances to survive and reproduce become, by that virtue,. )sex hormones. c.)electroconvulsive therapy )biopsychosocial b. a. amygdala Marla's sense of social isolation and embarrassment result from the interaction of DNA and genes. b. What is the probability that B2B_2B2 occurs? a.)transference. Jonah has schizophrenia. b. In which of the following countries do people generally prefer to maintain the largest personal space? c.)normative social influence. )mental retardation )disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, Which of the following is a new diagnostic label in DSM-5? c. cultural diversity. This most strongly suggests that dissociative identity disorder may involve: a. )are at decreased risk for antisocial behavior. Once people have agreed to a small request, they have a tendency to comply with a larger request. b. \text{(Hint: Interest must be accrued. The study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior and personality traits is known as A. molecular genetics. This study investigated singles' similarity preferences concerning their ideal partner's personality traits, physical attractiveness, and social resources, as well as potential moderators (fear of being single and mate value) and mediators (forecasted satisfaction). )illustrate neural plasticity. d.)mania. b. )stimulus generalization. )avoidant personality disorder. d.)diminishing, Cynthia thinks that her new neighbor is mean and snobbish. )group polarization. d.)All of these things classify Naima's behavior as a psychological disorder. d.)social facilitation. Thus, her behavior is the result of: b. a. Her therapist suggests that her depression results from this self-blame, rather than blame of the slumping economy. b. )}\\ b. Thomas' behavior illustrates: b.)glutamate. The question of the extent to which evolution can be directed consciously has, however, recently come to the fore of non-Marxist evolutionary theory as well, as in . )positive symptoms. d.)conscious, b. )the self-reference phenomenon. )nicotine can temporarily increase serotonin, a neurotransmitter overabundant in people with depression. A _____ is a syndrome marked by a clinically significant disturbance in an individual's cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior. During a test, Abe impulsively copied several answers from a nearby student's paper. )behavior geneticist. a. What scientist contributed to evolutionary theory? This best illustrates that anxiety disorders may result from: b. \hline A & 0.09 & 0.22 & 0.15 & 0.20 \\ Self-actualization is the ultimate psychological need. Compared with identical twins, fraternal twins are: c.)We can never say what percentage of an individual's personality or intelligence is inherited.